Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) effective for managing pain, inflammation, and fever. It's commonly prescribed for conditions like arthritis, menstrual cramps, tendonitis, and gout. Available in both prescription and over-the-counter forms, naproxen works by blocking enzymes that produce prostaglandins, substances responsible for pain and swelling. The medication provides longer-lasting relief compared to some other NSAIDs, typically lasting 8-12 hours per dose.
Naproxen inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, reducing prostaglandin production throughout the body. This dual action provides potent anti-inflammatory effects but may increase gastrointestinal side effects. The drug reaches peak concentration in the bloodstream within 2-4 hours and has a relatively long half-life, allowing for twice-daily dosing in most cases. Its effects are both analgesic and antipyretic.
For adults, the typical dose ranges from 220-550 mg twice daily depending on the condition. OTC versions usually contain 220 mg per tablet. Maximum daily intake shouldn't exceed 1,375 mg for prescription forms or 660 mg for OTC versions. Always start with the lowest effective dose and take with food or milk to minimize stomach upset.
Frequent side effects include heartburn, stomach pain, dizziness, and mild headaches. More serious risks involve gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney impairment, and cardiovascular events. Elderly patients and those with pre-existing conditions face higher risks. Report any unusual bruising, swelling, or breathing difficulties immediately.
Avoid naproxen if allergic to NSAIDs or aspirin. It may interact with blood thinners, diuretics, and certain antidepressants. Stay hydrated during use and limit alcohol consumption. Long-term users should undergo regular monitoring for kidney and liver function.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep blister packs in their original packaging until use. Properly discard expired medication through drug take-back programs. Never share naproxen with others, even if symptoms appear similar.
Compared to ibuprofen, naproxen provides longer-lasting relief but may cause more stomach irritation. It's more potent than aspirin for inflammation but carries similar cardiovascular risks. Celecoxib offers targeted COX-2 inhibition with less GI impact but higher cost.
For osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, naproxen reduces joint stiffness and improves mobility. Effects typically become noticeable within one week, with maximum benefits after 2-4 weeks of consistent use. Combine with physical therapy for optimal results in chronic cases.
All NSAIDs, including naproxen, may increase heart attack and stroke risk, especially with prolonged use. Those with heart disease should use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible. Monitor blood pressure regularly during treatment.
Elderly patients require lower doses due to slower metabolism. Avoid use in late pregnancy as it may harm fetal circulation. Pediatric dosing is weight-based and typically reserved for juvenile arthritis under specialist supervision.
Seek immediate medical attention for symptoms like black stools, vomiting blood, sudden weight gain, or slurred speech. These may indicate internal bleeding, kidney failure, or stroke. Allergic reactions may present as facial swelling or difficulty breathing.
When stopping long-term naproxen use, taper gradually under medical supervision to avoid rebound inflammation. Monitor for returning symptoms and consider alternative pain management strategies if needed. Never stop abruptly after extended use.
Naproxen effectively manages arthritis, bursitis, tendonitis, gout, and menstrual cramps. It also relieves mild to moderate pain from headaches, dental procedures, or muscle aches. Some doctors prescribe it for ankylosing spondylitis or acute shoulder pain.
Pain relief begins within 1 hour, peaking at 2-4 hours. Anti-inflammatory effects require consistent use for several days. For chronic conditions like arthritis, maximum benefits typically appear after 2-4 weeks of regular dosing.
Yes, prolonged use significantly increases ulcer risk. Taking with food helps, but high-risk patients may need additional stomach protection. Watch for black stools or abdominal pain, which may indicate bleeding.
Avoid during third trimester as it may cause fetal complications. Limited use may be permitted early in pregnancy under strict medical supervision. Always consult your OB-GYN before taking any NSAIDs when pregnant.
Aleve contains naproxen sodium (220 mg per tablet), while prescription naproxen comes in higher doses. The active ingredient is identical, but prescription versions allow for stronger, more flexible dosing regimens.
Naproxen interacts with blood thinners, SSRIs, diuretics, and lithium. Always disclose all medications to your doctor. Space out doses if taking antacids, as they may reduce absorption.
Yes, like all NSAIDs, it can elevate blood pressure by 3-5 mmHg. Hypertensive patients should monitor closely and consider alternatives if significant increases occur. The effect is usually reversible upon discontinuation.
OTC versions shouldn't be used beyond 10 days without medical advice. Prescription naproxen may be used longer with monitoring. Regular check-ups are crucial for users continuing beyond 30 days.
Overdose symptoms include severe drowsiness, stomach pain, nausea, or vomiting. In severe cases, breathing difficulties or coma may occur. Seek immediate medical attention if overdose is suspected.
Turmeric, ginger, and omega-3s have anti-inflammatory properties but are less potent. Topical capsaicin may help localized pain. Always consult your doctor before replacing prescribed medications.